2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Amino Acid Decarboxylase

Amino Acid Decarboxylase

Amino Acid Decarboxylase

Amino acid decarboxylases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the removal of the carboxyl group from specific amino acids to produce biologically active amines. These enzymes are widely involved in various physiological processes, particularly in the synthesis of neurotransmitters and polyamines. Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), histidine decarboxylase (HDC), and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) all belong to the amino acid decarboxylase family, each playing an important role in different metabolic pathways to regulate cellular functions.
AADC is primarily responsible for converting aromatic amino acid precursors l-DOPA and 5-hydroxytryptophan into the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. These neurotransmitters are crucial for the normal functioning of the brain, and AADC deficiency leads to severe neurological disorders, including motor dysfunction, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, and behavioral abnormalities.
HDC catalyzes the conversion of histidine to histamine. Histamine is an important mediator in allergic and inflammatory reactions, and a deficiency in HDC is closely related to immune dysfunction and allergic symptoms. For example, in some chronic inflammation and allergic reactions, the upregulation of HDC plays a crucial role in regulating histamine levels and immune cell function.
SAMDC is a key enzyme in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway, responsible for converting S-adenosylmethionine into decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine, a precursor for the synthesis of spermidine and spermine. These polyamines play vital roles in cell growth, differentiation, and proliferation. The activity of SAMDC is closely related to the cellular concentration of polyamines, and SAMDC inhibitors are widely studied for anticancer and antiparasitic treatments.
Inhibitors targeting amino acid decarboxylases have potential applications in cancer and parasitic disease research. For example, since the polyamine biosynthetic pathway is upregulated in many tumors, SAMDC inhibitors can be used in cancer research, and SAMDC inhibitors are also important tools in antiparasitic research[1][2][3][4].

Amino Acid Decarboxylase Related Products (7):

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W016349
    Chelidamic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Chelidamic acid is a heterocyclic organic acid with a pyran skeleton. Chelidamic acid has good coordination ability with noble metal ions. Chelidamic acid is also one of the most potent inhibitors of glutamate decarboxylase, with a Ki of 33 μM.
    Chelidamic acid
  • HY-103391
    Qc1
    		Inhibitor 98.42%
    Qc1 is a reversible and noncompetitive threonine dehydrogenase (TDH) inhibitor. Qc1 can be used for the research of Metabolic disease.
    Qc1
  • HY-123139
    Flutroline
    Flutroline (CP-36584), a tetrahydro-7-carboline compound, is an orally active and potent anti-psychotic compound.
    Flutroline
  • HY-P990419
    Anti-GAD65 Antibody
    Anti-GAD65 Antibody is a humanized antibody expressed in CHO cells that targets GAD65. The Anti-GAD65 Antibody has a huIgG1 heavy chain and a huλ light chain, with a predicted molecular weight (MW) of 146.48 kDa. The isotype control for Anti-GAD65 Antibody can refer to Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001).
    Anti-GAD65 Antibody
  • HY-U00065
    Tritoqualine
    		Inhibitor
    Tritoqualine is a histidine decarboxylase inhibitor, that inhibits the release of histidine.
    Tritoqualine
  • HY-115822
    α-Fluoromethylhistidine dihydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    α-Fluoromethylhistidine dihydrochloride is a potent irreversible inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase (HDC) and glutathione S-transferase, demonstrating significant potential in studying histidine metabolism and drug metabolism processes. α-Fluoromethylhistidine dihydrochloride offers an effective approach to inhibit enzymes involved in these metabolic pathways. α-Fluoromethylhistidine dihydrochloride has implications for drug development by revealing off-target effects that may influence physiological drug metabolism and elimination mechanisms.
    α-Fluoromethylhistidine dihydrochloride
  • HY-P5396
    GAD65 (524-543)
    GAD65 (524-543) is a biological active peptide. (This is amino acids 524 to 543 fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65). It is one of the first fragments of this islet antigen to induce proliferative T cell responses in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes. This peptide is a specific, possibly low affinity, stimulus for the spontaneously arising diabetogenic T cell clone BDC2.5. Immunization with p524–543 increases the susceptibility of the NOD mice to type 1 diabetes induced by the adoptive transfer of BDC2.5 T cells.)
    GAD65 (524-543)